Analysis of the Influence of the Use of Fintech Services
on Investment Decisions of Millennial Communities in the Digital Age
Ratih Astiakurnia Putri1, Andi Ihsan
Triputrajaya2
Management, Nitro Financial
Business Institute 1 Management, STIE LPI2
Email:
[email protected]1,
[email protected]2
Abstrak
The development of digital economy in Indonesia is growing rapidly along
with the increasing use of internet and technology in various sectors. Fintech
services are one of the main drivers of this development, especially in
increasing financial inclusion. This study aims to explore the impact of
fintech services on investment decisions among millennials. This study uses
quantitative method with survey as the data collection technique, involving
respondents who are active users of fintech platforms. The data collected was
analysed using linear regression. The results of the analysis show that ease of
access, low cost, transparency and time flexibility significantly influence their
investment decisions. In addition, the study identified the importance of
financial education in improving users' literacy and confidence in investing.
The findings emphasise the important role of fintech in encouraging millennial
participation in financial markets, as well as the need for appropriate
regulation to protect consumers and support the industry's sustainable growth
Keywords:
Fintech
Services, Investment Decision, Millennials.
INTRODUCTION
Digital transformation
has brought a major revolution in various aspects of life, including the
financial sector, with the emergence of technologies that change the way people
access and manage finances (Lubis & Nasution, 2023);
(Naution, Hasibuan, & Prayoga, 2021);
(Gomber, Kauffman, Parker, & Weber, 2018).
In recent years, financial technology (fintech) services have experienced rapid
growth, making it easier for people to make financial transactions, loans,
investments, and digital payments. Fintech enables more inclusive, efficient,
and faster access to financial services, especially for individuals previously
unreached by the traditional banking system (Ranade, 2017).
Innovations such as mobile banking and e-wallets are some examples of how
fintech makes it easier for people to access financial services, support
financial inclusion, and accelerate digital economic growth (Qur�anisa, Herawati, Lisvi, Putri, & Feriyanto,
2024);
(Banding, 2023).

Figure 1. Fintech
Segmentation
Source: (Wijaya, 2019)
� Figure 1 shows the segmentation of fintech based on its sectors. In
terms of investment, it includes both asset management and crowdfunding
segments. In the asset management segment, various fintech platforms offer
innovative solutions that enable individuals and institutions to manage their
investment portfolios more efficiently. Through the use of robo-advisors,
investors can receive tailored advice according to their risk profiles and
financial goals, as well as leverage data analytics to make more informed
decisions. On the other hand, crowdfunding provides opportunities for
individuals to invest in potentially profitable projects or ventures with
smaller amounts of capital. Both segments not only enhance accessibility for
investors but also promote financial inclusion, allowing more people to
participate in a broader investment ecosystem.

Figure
2. Profile of Fintech in Indonesia by Sector
Source: (Wijaya, 2019)
From the Figure 2, it
can be seen that the financing and crowdfunding sectors are around 8.15%. This
percentage indicates that although these sectors have experienced growth, there
is still significant room for further development. This figure serves as a
positive signal for industry players and investors, indicating potential that
has not yet been fully explored. With the support of continuously evolving
technology and the increasing public interest in alternative financing
solutions, the financing and crowdfunding sectors have opportunities to attract
more users and investors.
The development of
fintech has brought major changes in people's investment patterns in the
digital era (Fadly, 2024).
Before fintech, access to investment was often limited to certain groups, with
complicated processes, high costs, and dependence on traditional financial
institutions (Novia Utami, Kusumahadi, & SE, 2024).
Now, fintech allows people to invest more easily, anytime and anywhere, through
user-friendly digital platforms. In addition, lower transaction costs and
information transparency make it easier for investors to make faster,
data-driven decisions. The flexibility of time and place offered by fintech
makes investing more inclusive, allowing more individuals, including those with
little capital, to participate in financial markets, which were previously
difficult to access without intermediaries (Safitri et al., 2023).
� Millennials are known to be more tech-savvy than previous
generations, having grown up in the digital era. They have high skills in using
technology and tend to adopt digital innovations in various aspects of life,
including finance� (Prasarti & Prakoso, 2020).
In terms of investment behaviour, millennials are more interested in using
digital platforms such as fintech applications to make investments. They tend
to seek convenience, transparency, and flexibility in managing finances, so
fintech platforms that offer investments with small capital, instant access,
and easy-to-monitor portfolios are the top choices (Irbah, 2022).
� Fintech services provide various benefits to society, especially
millennials, such as access to a wider range of investment instruments,
including stocks, mutual funds, and digital assets such as cryptocurrencies.
Fintech allows millennials to invest with small capital, enjoy a faster
process, and utilise various platforms that provide real-time investment
information and analysis (Raharjo, 2021);
(Rajkumar et al., 2020).
However, these services also carry risks, especially for those with low
financial literacy. Such risks include the potential to be trapped in unsafe or
less trusted platforms, as well as the tendency to make impulsive investment
decisions without careful consideration (Aziz, 2023).
� Fintech regulation in Indonesia is designed to ensure the healthy
and sustainable development of the industry, while protecting consumers. The
government, through the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and Bank Indonesia
(BI), plays an important role in regulating and supervising fintech operations.
These regulations cover licensing requirements, risk oversight, and user data
and privacy protection. One of the legal bases for fintech operations in
Indonesia is Bank Indonesia Regulation No. 19/12/PBI/2017 on the Implementation
of Financial Technology. OJK regulates and supervises the development of
fintech through its regulations and policies. These regulations aim to ensure
that online lending is run responsibly and protect consumer rights. Examples of
regulations made by OJK for fintech include POJK No. 10/PoJK.05/2022 on
Information Technology-Based Joint Funding Services and POJK No.
13/POJK.02/2018 on Digital Financial Innovation in the Financial Services
Sector. The government also supports the development of fintech by creating a
conducive ecosystem through policies that encourage innovation, such as
regulatory sandboxes for piloting new financial technologies (OJK, 2024).
In addition, consumer protection is a top priority in this regulation, ensuring
transparency, transaction security, and financial market integrity so that
fintech can grow sustainably and increase financial inclusion in Indonesia.
� Research on the influence of fintech on investment decisions is
very important, especially since the use of fintech is increasingly widespread
among the public, especially the millennial generation. In Indonesia, the
growth trend of digital investment continues to increase along with the ease of
access provided by various fintech platforms. Understanding how fintech affects
investment patterns, including the factors that drive investors' decisions, is
crucial to evaluate its impact on financial inclusion and economic growth. This
research can also provide important insights for policymakers and industry
players to improve financial literacy, protect consumers from risks, and
encourage safer and more efficient use of fintech in the future.
� This research aims to understand the extent to which the use of
fintech services affects millennials' investment patterns and decisions. This
research aims to identify the factors that make fintech a top choice in
investing, as well as how the ease of access, flexibility, transparency, and
low fees offered by fintech play a role in shaping this generation's investment
preferences. In addition, this research aims to evaluate both the positive
impacts and risks that arise from using fintech in investment decision-making,
in order to provide deeper insights for industry players and policymakers to
support safer and more inclusive fintech development..
LITERATURE REVIEW
Fintech (Financial Technology)
Fintech or financial
technology is an innovation that combines technology with financial services to
facilitate various transaction activities (Adji, Muhammad, Akrabi, & Noerlina, 2023);
(Leong & Sung, 2018).
The existence of fintech allows users to conduct financial transactions more
quickly, safely, and efficiently compared to conventional methods. Fintech
offers solutions that can be accessed easily through digital devices, such as
smartphones, making it easier for people to manage finances without having to
be bound by time or location restrictions. By utilising technological advances,
fintech also seeks to increase financial inclusion by providing services to
people who were previously unreachable by traditional financial institutions.
According to (Boot, Hoffmann, Laeven, & Ratnovski, 2021);
(Agarwal & Zhang, 2020),
fintech covers a wide range of services including digital payments, online
lending, asset management, and investment platforms. Digital payments allow
users to make transactions quickly and securely through applications or online
platforms, while online lending services provide faster access to loans without
the need to go through complicated processes at banks. On the other hand,
fintech-based investment platforms offer opportunities for people to invest
with relatively small capital and better transparency. The presence of fintech
in various aspects of finance not only drives efficiency, but also creates a
more inclusive and competitive financial ecosystem.
Investment Decision
Investment decision is a
process in which individuals or groups consider various options for allocating
their funds or resources into certain assets or financial instruments, with the
aim of obtaining profits or better results in the future (Adnyaswari & Sinarwati, 2024);
(Awais, Laber, Rasheed, & Khursheed, 2016).
In this process, investors usually weigh the risks and potential returns of
each available investment option, such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, or other
assets like property. This decision is not only based on potential returns, but
also other factors such as investment time horizon, financial goals, and risk
tolerance. Therefore, the investment decision-making process requires careful
analysis and an in-depth understanding of the financial instrument to be
selected.
According to Consumer
Behaviour Theory, investment decisions are strongly influenced by external and
internal factors that shape investor behaviour (Cholidia, 2017).
Available information is one of the important elements that influence
decision-making. The more accurate and relevant information available to
investors, the better they can make decisions that match their financial goals.
In addition, transaction costs also play an important role, where lower costs
tend to make it more convenient for investors to make investments. Convenience
in accessing financial platforms or services, such as the ease of use of
investment apps, is also a factor that can influence investment decisions,
especially among millennials who rely heavily on digital technology in their
daily lives.
Millennials and Technology
Millennials are people
born between 1981 and 1996. They are a demographic group that grew up alongside
the rapid development of digital technology (Adha & fuadi Tanjung, 2023).
They are known as a generation that is highly adaptive to technological change,
as many of them experienced the transition from the pre-digital era to the
fully connected digital era. The presence of the internet, smartphones and
social media have been an integral part of their lives since a young age,
shaping mindsets and behaviours that are more focused on digital efficiency,
convenience and accessibility. Unlike previous generations who may be more
accustomed to traditional methods in daily life, millennials are quicker to
adopt new technologies, including when it comes to managing finances.
In finance, millennials
show a strong preference for the use of digital services, including fintech,
which provides easy access to financial products such as online payments,
investments, and loans. They tend to be more open to innovations in the financial
sector compared to previous generations who may be more conservative in terms
of money management. According to Wewege (2017),
millennials are more comfortable using technology to simplify their financial
activities, as they value the speed, transparency, and flexibility offered by
digital platforms. Fintech, as a form of financial technology, is a top choice
for this generation because it is able to provide more practical financial
solutions, without space and time constraints, in accordance with the
fast-paced and mobile lifestyle of millennials.
RESEARCH METHOD
The method applied in this study is a quantitative approach with a survey
design. This research will involve data collection through questionnaires
distributed to respondents who are millennials who have used fintech services
to invest. The sample is taken through purposive sampling technique with the
number determined by the respondents. The questionnaire will be designed to
explore factors that influence investment decisions, such as ease of access,
cost, flexibility and transparency. The collected data will be analysed using
statistical techniques to identify the relationship between the use of fintech
services and investment decisions.
In addition, this research will also involve regression analysis to
measure how much influence the independent variables, such as ease of access,
transaction costs, and time flexibility, have on the dependent variable, which
is millennials' investment decisions. With this approach, a deeper
understanding of the dynamics of investment among millennials in the context of
fintech service utilisation is expected. The research results are expected to
provide recommendations for fintech service developers and policy makers to
improve financial inclusion and create a safer and more beneficial investment
ecosystem for the community.
Framework of
Thought

Figure 1. Framework
Results
Table
1. Validity and Reliability Test Results
|
|
Cronbach's Alpha |
rho_A |
Composite Reliability |
Average Variance
Extract (AVE) |
Description |
|
Fintech Service Usage |
0.940 |
0.941 |
0.948 |
0.603 |
Valid and Reliable |
|
Investment Decision_ |
0.836 |
0.841 |
0.891 |
0.671 |
Valid and Reliable |
Source: Data Processed
(2024)
The table above shows
that the Cronbach Alpha and Composite Reliability values are above 0.7 and the
AVE value exceeds 0.5. These values indicate that each item in the
questionnaire used in this study is declared valid and reliable so that it can
proceed to the next testing stage.
Table
2. R Square Test Results
|
|
R Square |
Adjusted R Square |
|
Investment Decision_ |
0.624 |
0.621 |
Source: Data Processed
(2024)
The table above shows
the effect of using fintech services on investment decisions, which is 62.1%.
While the rest is influenced by other variables not included in this study.
Table
3. Hypothesis Testing Results
|
|
Original Sample (O) |
Mean (M) |
Standard Deviation
(STDEV) |
T Statistic |
P Values |
Description |
|
Fintech Service Usage
-> Investment Decision_ |
0.790 |
0.786 |
0.097 |
8.112 |
0.000 |
Positive and
Significant |
Source:
Data Processed (2024)
Tabel diatas menunjukkan
bahwa nilai t statistik > t tabel (8.112 > 1.96) dengan p value 0.000.
Perolehan nilai dari hasil pengujian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan
layanan fintech berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan investasi
kaum milenial di era digital. Hasil tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa apabila
penggunaan layanan fintech meningkat, maka akan diikuti dengan peningkatan
keputusan investasi.
Discussion
The use of fintech
services has been shown to have a positive and significant effect on the
investment decisions of millennials in the digital era. This finding is in line
with the results of a study from (Sriyono, Afandi, Wulandari, & Agusti, 2023)
regarding the effectiveness of using fintech (e-wallet) in the purchasing
decisions of the millennial generation. This effectiveness includes the
existence of promo offers and attractive features, convenience, and ease of use
of the E-Wallet itself. Millennials who grow up in a technological environment
are more likely to adopt digital solutions to meet their financial needs.
Fintech provides easier and faster access to various investment instruments,
such as stocks, mutual funds and cryptocurrencies that may have previously been
difficult to reach through conventional banks. As such, fintech services not
only increase millennials' engagement in investing, but also encourage them to
make bolder and more diverse investment decisions.
Easiness
One of the main factors
contributing to this positive influence is the ease of access offered by
fintech platforms (Kurniawan & Helen, 2022).
Millennials can access information and conduct investment transactions simply
through their smartphones, without the need to visit a bank or brokerage
office. User-friendly investment applications make the process of buying and
selling financial instruments simpler and faster. This convenience reduces the
barriers that previously prevented many people from investing, thereby
increasing millennials' participation in the financial market.
The ease of investment
decisions for millennials is mainly driven by technological advancements
integrated in fintech services. With access through smartphones, they can
manage their investments in real-time without the need to go through
complicated bureaucratic processes as in traditional financial institutions.
Fintech applications offer user-friendly and transparent platforms, making it
easier for users to understand various investment instruments, such as stocks,
mutual funds, and bonds. In addition, automation features, such as periodic
investment and portfolio analysis, help millennials make more efficient and
timely investment decisions, allowing them to capitalise on market
opportunities more quickly and practically.
In addition, many
fintech apps provide easy-to-understand information and personalised investment
recommendations based on the user's risk profile. This allows millennials to
make more informed decisions without necessarily having an in-depth financial background.
Educational support through articles, videos, and market analyses available on
fintech apps also contribute to improving their financial literacy. With access
to more comprehensive information and easily accessible guidance, investment
decisions become simpler, more targeted, and in line with each individual's
financial goals.
Lower Costs
Lower costs are also an
important factor in investment decisions (Jenkins & Harberger, 2018);
(Fadillah, 2024).
Many fintech services offer more competitive transaction fees compared to
traditional financial institutions. With lower fees, young investors can more
freely invest small amounts and test different financial instruments without
fear of losing a lot of money. This not only increases investment
accessibility, but also encourages millennials to be more active in managing
their portfolios.
In addition to lower
transaction fees, many fintech platforms also offer commission-free features on
certain transactions, which further attracts young investors. With reduced or
even eliminated commissions, they can maximise the returns from even small investments.
This convenience allows millennials to diversify their portfolio more
efficiently without worrying about fees eroding their returns. As a result,
fintech becomes a more economical option for those who are just starting their
investment journey.
The flexibility that
fintech offers in terms of fees also supports a long-term investment approach.
Young investors do not have to worry about hidden fees or penalties that are
often a concern in investing through traditional institutions. This allows them
to practice more diverse investment strategies, such as dollar-cost averaging,
which can be done consistently without incurring large transaction costs. Thus,
lower costs not only increase millennials' participation in the financial
market, but also help them in building sustainable investment habits.
Flexibility
In addition, the
flexibility of time and place offered by fintech services allows millennials to
invest anytime and anywhere (Barbu, Florea, Dabija, & Barbu, 2021);
(Aeni, Vidiati, & Selasi, 2024).
The ability to conduct investment transactions in real-time, both at home and
on the go gives millennials full control over their investment decisions. This
flexibility not only makes investing more convenient but also encourages them
to capitalise on investment opportunities that may arise unexpectedly. With all
these factors, it is clear that the use of fintech services has a positive and
significant influence on millennials' investment decisions in the digital era.
This flexibility also allows
millennial investors to be more responsive to market changes. When market
information and asset prices are accessible in real-time, they can quickly
adjust their portfolios based on the latest developments, such as changes in
economic or geopolitical trends that affect the price of financial instruments.
This speed in decision-making gives millennials a competitive advantage, as
they can immediately capitalise on lucrative investment opportunities or
mitigate risks from sudden potential losses.
In addition, the ease of
access offered by fintech supports more planned and sustainable investments.
Millennial investors can set regular investment schedules, such as monthly
automatic investments in certain products, without being bound by the working
hours of traditional financial institutions. This feature not only provides
convenience in managing finances, but also helps investors build a long-term
portfolio consistently. With accessibility that is not limited by time and
place, fintech facilitates a more disciplined investment strategy and enables
millennials to achieve their financial goals more effectively.
Transparency
Transparency offered by
fintech platforms also contributes to better investment decisions (Maryaningsi, Vidiati, Selasi, & Pratama, 2024);
(Liang, 2023);
(Roszkowska, 2021).
Fintech services often provide clear and easy-to-understand information about
investment products, associated risks, and potential returns. With transparent
information, millennials can make more informed and analysed investment
decisions. This reduces the uncertainty that often accompanies investing and
encourages them to invest more actively.
This transparency also
facilitates millennial investors to make comparisons between investment
products more easily. Fintech platforms usually provide features that allow
users to compare the performance of various financial instruments, such as
stocks, bonds or mutual funds, based on historical data and market trend
analysis. With extensive access to this information, millennials can choose the
instrument that best suits their financial goals and risk profile. This ability
to make comparisons directly boosts investors' confidence in making more
strategic and profitable decisions.
In addition, the
transparency offered by fintech encourages millennial investors to be more
responsible with their investments. When information on portfolio performance
and fees charged is easily accessible, investors become more aware of the
impact of every decision they make. They can monitor investment returns in
real-time and make necessary adjustments to maximise returns. Thus,
transparency not only reduces uncertainty in investments, but also encourages
active participation and better financial planning among millennials.
However, despite the
many benefits, it is important to recognize that the use of fintech services
also comes with risks that need to be managed. Millennials must remain vigilant
against potential fraud and data security risks, as well as the importance of
having a solid understanding of investment risks. By continuing to educate
themselves and choosing trusted platforms, this generation can harness the full
potential of fintech services without neglecting the responsibility of managing
their investments. Overall, the combination of better access, financial
education, and community support makes fintech a key driver of positive
investment decisions among millennials in the digital era.
Ultimately, the future
of fintech usage among millennials is very promising. With the continued
development of technology and innovation, along with increased awareness of the
importance of sustainable investing, this generation has the potential to be a
major force in transforming how we invest. Through a deeper understanding of
financial products and active engagement in the market, millennials can create
a significant positive impact not only for themselves but also for the economy
as a whole. By taking advantage of all the benefits fintech offers, they can
reshape the way we view investments and build a better financial future.
CONCLUSION
The conclusion of this
study shows that fintech services significantly influence the investment
patterns and decisions of the millennial generation. By offering easy access,
lower costs, transparency of information, and time flexibility, fintech has
encouraged more millennials to actively participate in the investment market.
This research also reveals that the financial education provided by fintech
platforms enhances users' understanding, making them more confident in making
investment decisions. However, it is important to remain aware of the risks
associated with using these services and to prioritize financial literacy to
optimize their benefits. Overall, fintech has become a key driver in
modernizing the way this generation invests, creating a more inclusive
financial ecosystem that is responsive to market needs
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Copyright holder: Ratih Astiakurnia Putri1, Andi Ihsan Triputrajaya2 (2024) |
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