Natural Color Mangosteen
Skin on Canvas Fabric
I Nengah
Wirakesuma1*, I Wayan Mudana2
Master of Arts Postgraduate ISI Denpasar, Indonesia1*
FSRD (Fine Arts) ISI Denpasar,
Indonesia2
Email: [email protected]1*, wayanmudana63@gmail.com2
ABSTRACT
The process
of creating art on canvas using natural colors from mangosteen peel represents
a distinctive artistic endeavor. Mangosteen peel colors possess unique
characteristics compared to synthetic ones. Across various dimensions,
mangosteen peel colors tend to exhibit natural nuances such as light brown,
brownish, reddish-purple, and blue. Painting with mangosteen peel entails a
creative process that begins with harvesting the fruit from the garden.
Spontaneously, upon splitting the mangosteen fruit into two equal parts, I
decided to use the peel to make marks on the canvas. This technique involves
spontaneous finger movements, gently, moderately, and sometimes forcefully
pressing the canvas. The resulting color effects emerge naturally, correlating
with the intensity of finger movements scraping the mangosteen peel on the
canvas. The method of creating paintings using mangosteen peel is carried out
spontaneously, following stages of art creation: existence, exploration,
experimentation, realization, and evaluation. The realization of paintings
using mangosteen peel reflects the dynamics of art creation, encompassing
elements of visual arts such as light, point, line, space, plane, color,
texture, and composition. The artworks produced are titled as expressions of
color and line: Expression of Color and Line 1, Expression of Color and Line 2,
Expression of Color and Line 3, and so forth. The use of mangosteen peel colors
as an alternative medium in the process of creating paintings is driven by the
necessity for creativity to achieve artworks of quality, significance, and
harmonious value.
Keywords: Natural color, mangosteen
peel, on canvas.
INTRODUCTION
When it was mangosteen season
in the garden, the author looked at 3 mangosteen trees that were quite old, 3
generations had tasted the delicious mangosteen fruit growing in the fields (Sa�co,
2019). The author is the 3rd
generation to enjoy the taste of mangosteen fruit picked directly from the
tree. The author climbed a mangosteen tree and picked the mangosteen fruit one
by one (Mansyah
et al., 2024). Mangosteen fruit picked
directly from the tree has varying shades of color depending on the age of the
mangosteen fruit picked. If the fruit is picked at a younger age, the fruit
will be reddish yellow (Parijadi,
2019). Meanwhile, when the
mangosteen fruit is old enough, the skin color is dark red, purplish red,
blackish red. The
aesthetics of
the colors displayed on the mangosteen skin show a variety of color characters,
thus arousing the writer's feelings of splitting the mangosteen fruit into two
parts and then observing carefully the color that comes out of the mangosteen
skin. After splitting the mangosteen skin into two parts, we squeeze the outer
skin until it releases reddish yellow water (Alor et al., 2023). The thick yellow color is the sap from the mangosteen fruit
which often causes a bitter taste in the mangosteen fruit when eaten (Pohan & Rahmawati, 2022).
The color character of the mangosteen fruit attracted the writer's
attention, the color variations released after being squeezed and then
scratched on sheets of canvas that had been stretched on spanram measuring 20 cm x 25 cm, 30
cm x 35 cm, 36 cm x 36 cm and 60 cm x 90 cm, can produce works of art with the
character "Natural Color of Mangosteen Skin on Canvas". At the
beginning of the painting creation process, writers often create art using
recycled paper, Padang Tarang paper, Manila paper, Duplex paper and Buffalo
paper. However, the creation of painting on the paper media mentioned above is
only limited to media exploration and experimentation (Ke et al., 2022).
Exploration and experimentation of mangosteen peel color media was
carried out spontaneously to obtain distinctive, specific, classic, unique and
attractive color and line characters (Sah et al., 2022). Experiments on various colors/sap from fruits produced by nature
as God's creation are still being carried out to obtain the color
characteristics that result in various color shades, including white, yellow,
grey, red, purple and black. The
colors produced by fruit really attract the attention of writers to be used as
alternative colors in the process of creating works of art (Yusuf et al.,
2017). The process of creating works of art using
alternative media is the result of the author's wanderings and anxiety in
creating art.
The long journey of caring for intercropping
gardens that have been passed down from our ancestors must be carried out
regularly, seriously and earnestly to get satisfactory results. Banana trees, jackfruit trees, coconut
trees, Balinese enao trees (jaka
trees), papaya trees, durian trees, mangosteen trees all produce fruit, the
fruit produced shows different shapes and characters (Sumantra et
al., 2018). The author tries to identify various kinds
of fruit to obtain the various color elements produced. Each fruit produces a
color with various characteristics (Bhargava
& Bansal, 2021). The heart of a banana tends to turn gray
after being scratched on canvas. Since scratching the banana blossom sap on
canvas, the author discovered a unique distinctive color, initially the banana
blossom sap that was scratched on the canvas looked white to greyish, after 1
month the color of the banana sap changed to dark brown.
Experiments on the color/sap of bananas
continue to be carried out to identify the colors produced. Then the author
focused on the mangosteen fruit color/sap experiment where the color of the
mangosteen fruit produced variations in light brown, dark brown and blackish
brown, red-purple. Experiments on
mangosteen skin color continue to be carried out in order to obtain the unique
characteristics of mangosteen skin color (Murtini et al., 2022). In several spontaneous experiments, the author discovered
various kinds of color characters after being scratched on canvas. The
purplish-red color of the mangosteen skin looks sharper when the natural color
of the mangosteen skin is coated with a preservative (Belazo Art Spray Paint),
sprayed on canvas, the color characteristics and apparent texture of the canvas
fibers become more clearly visible. Specifications for the unique color of
mangosteen skin ultimately became the focus of research in the process of
creating painting art. Various research phenomena on mangosteen skin color have
been carried out, especially in relation to mangosteen peel extract as a
medicinal ingredient and as a food coloring agent, batik cloth coloring agent,
etc.
��������� The mangosteen,
Garcinia mangostana Linn, is a tree found in
Southeast Asia, and its bark (bark) has been used as a healing remedy in
traditional medicine. Phytochemical studies have shown that they contain
various secondary metabolites, such as oxygen and prenylated xanthones. Recent
research revealed that these xanthones exhibited various biological activities
containing anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-cancer effects. We
previously investigated the anti-proliferative effects of four prenylated
xanthones from rinds (skin); alpha-mangostin, beta-mangostin, gamma-mangostin, and
methoxy-beta-mangostin in various human cancer cells.
Mangosteen peel extract is beneficial for the health of the human body (Warsita, 2024).
��������� In the process of
creating painting art, the color of mangosteen peel appears to be an
alternative medium, besides mangosteen peel extract which is also beneficial
for human health and also as a food coloring agent, batik coloring agent and so
on. The active ingredients in the mangosteen fruit are known as xanthones.
Xanthones are active chemicals with a structure consisting of 3 rings and this
makes them very stable when in the body. This structure makes it very stable in
hot or cold conditions. There are more than 200 types of xanthones in nature,
but more than 40 types of xanthones are found in mangosteen fruit and this is
the largest content. The best benefit of xanthones is that they are
anti-oxidants, namely inhibiting the oxidation process or the aging process of
the body/body cells. Xanthones will protect cells and reduce damage to cells
due to free radicals. Apart from being useful as an anti-oxidant, mangosteen
fruit also has antibacterial, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties.
Another useful section is the skin of the fruit. Mangosteen skin produces a
purplish red color, and is very difficult to clean (Dahlifa et
al., 2016).
��������� The process of creating art on batik
cloth, batik is a craft that has high artistic value and has become Indonesian
culture that is famous in various countries and is recognized by UNESCO. Among
the various types of batik, natural batik is a type of batik that is of high
quality, and is in great demand by both domestic and foreign tourists. This is
because natural batik is produced with natural dyes and gives its own
impression because natural dyes cause the waste produced to be environmentally
friendly and safe for health because the substances contained in natural dyes
can be easily decomposed so they do not cause pollution, even the batik colors
produced by natural dyes can last for decades (Munawaroh et al., 2023).
However, the advantages of natural batik are not supported by current
conditions. The obstacle experienced by natural batik craftsmen is that it is
difficult for them to meet demand quickly because natural batik takes a long
time to make and the availability of raw materials for natural dyes is still
very minimal. The dye is obtained by extracting parts of dye-producing plants,
such as stems, bark, leaves, roots, flowers, seeds, fruit and tree sap.
��������� According to Annissa Saraswati, they
were interested in conducting research because they knew that mangosteen peel
has many chemical contents and is very beneficial. Mangosteen peel has color
pigments that are suitable for use as dyes and contains a number of pigments
derived from two metabolites, namely mangostin and b-mangostin. If all the ingredients contained in the
mangosteen fruit are extracted, you will find natural coloring ingredients in
the form of anthocyanins which produce red, purple and blue colors (Riyadi et al., 2020).
Mangosteen peel also contains flavan- 3,4 -diols,
which are classified as tannin compounds and can be used as a natural dye in
fabrics (Riwayati & Purwanto, 2016).
Through the use of mangosteen peel as a natural dye for batik cloth, it is
hoped that the production of natural batik cloth will increase because it can
help batik craftsmen to obtain raw materials for natural dyes as well as being
a means of processing waste to increase the use value of mangosteen fruit.
��������� The
process of creating painting using the natural colors of mangosteen peel goes
through various stages; existence, exploration, experimentation, embodiment and
evaluation (Zhang et al.,
2023). Related to the research topic of creating
painting art using an alternative medium, natural color of mangosteen skin on
canvas. The author can formulate the following things: How do you use the
natural color of mangosteen skin on canvas as a work of painting? How do you
apply the technique of using the natural color of mangosteen skin on canvas?
What is the meaning obtained using natural skin color? Mangosteen on Canvas? In
connection with the formulation of the problem above, the author carried out the
stages of the process of creating painting art to get an authentic answer in
accordance with the objectives of the research on the Natural Color of
Mangosteen Skin on Canvas.
��������� In research on art studies and the creation of
painting which refers to the
research concept of Natural Color of Mangosteen Peel on Canvas, the author limits
the scope of the problem to aesthetic values, color and line
expressions in works of painting
produced using the alternative medium of Natural Color
Mangosteen skin. From all works
of painting, the
author identified, sorted and
took several samples of works
of art, which
represent all works of art
with the natural
color nuance of Mangosteen Skin and its various characters as a source of
evaluation of the aesthetic values
of colors and lines which were then scrutinized. researched in order to obtain scientific findings
in the process of creating art. So that the findings can be used as a reference
source for the next generation of research.
The general objective of research on
the creation of works of
art related to the
concept of artistic creation using alternative mediums, natural color of
mangosteen skin on canvas, is to determine the
extent of the aesthetic value
of the expression
of color and lines contained therein. The aesthetic values that appear are
described as a narrative in each work of painting produced. So that the
resulting work of art can arouse the souls of other people who see it,
including art lovers, artists, art creators, art observers , art collectors and cultural figures. The dynamics of its development
over time to Masa is expected to become a reference for
artistic creation for the wider community. The specific aim is
to identify works of art
that use
the natural color medium of Mangosteen Peel as a source of life
in the process of creating works
of art. Are there any visual signs of color and lines in the creation process.
If there are signs , symbols, values ,
aesthetic colors and lines , the author identifies
and evaluates them according to
the visual form displayed. As research material and art creation,
it is then
analyzed into a guidebook for the
teaching and learning process of fine arts
and design in the development of art
nationally and internationally.�����
Some
brilliant people tend to assert that 'everything is relative', which is of
course complete nonsense, because if everything is relative then of course
there is nothing that can be used as a reference. However, without having to
fall into metaphysical absurdities, it is possible to hold the view that
everything in the physical realm is relative to an observer (Kraus, 2018).
Observing various creative
works of painting that use the alternative medium of Natural Mangosteen Peel on
Canvas Fabric invites various questions that lead to the physical nature of the
work produced. Imaginatively, can works of art produced from the alternative
medium Natural Color Mangosteen Peel be classified as physical works of fine art ?, or do they have high artistic values?, or is there a
meaning behind the paintings that have been produced?, of course The answer is
very abstract and relatively dependent on the point of view from which we view
the physical work of art as a creative work. With various arguments,
the process of
creating works of fine art
uses various
existing or existing fine art elements new
ones emerge from
nature. Synthetic artificial colors and chemical processes then explored again to
find alternative new mediums
in the process of creating works
of art. In research related to the
art creation process entitled Natural Color Mangosteen Peel on
Canvas, the author as the
creator of painting only took
several works of painting as research samples. Samples of creative works of
painting that represent other works of painting
can be used as a basis for evaluation in order to obtain the characteristics , character , aesthetic values of
color and line that are inherent in the physical nature of the work.
��������� The process of creating works
of art that
refer to the theme " Natural Color of Mangosteen Skin on
Canvas Fabric "
as a source of ideas and ideas
for artistic
creation , it is
a visualization of processes that are appropriate to the current
conditions of art development. To sharpen the
basic understanding of the process of creating
painting is not much different from the painting process. Further development
is through the process of digesting form and feeling, as well as creation
through stylization of form or processing of color, line and rhythm,
crystallization of symbolic ideas and making these symbols into symbols in
painting (Otis, 2015).
��������� The presence of color and line shapes in
painting using the natural color medium Mangosteen Peel is a visual art
language that is closely related to the process of realizing symbols, symbols
as signs and markers. Symbols as a language of expression that are expressed
spontaneously may have a depth of meaning for the artist even though they may
not necessarily be accepted by the audience. Sometimes symbols as a visual
language can only be understood and interpreted when the artist is able to
narrate them as a text language that can be read so that they are easily
accepted. However, when the language of the text is difficult to understand,
the artist often tries to simplify the language of the text into visual language
that is easy to understand and can be understood properly and correctly. At
this stage of the process of creating symbols as signs and markers, the process
is often called the painting process.
��������� The
painting process itself is not long. Just a few hours. In fact, less than an
hour. He wanted to finish the painting while his emotions were still burning.
If the emotions run out then he considers the painting finished. He couldn't
delay the outburst of emotion. So he could no longer
postpone painting until the next day. He always felt dissatisfied with his
painting but he couldn't possibly "fix it" (TerKeurst, 2018).
��������� The aesthetics
of colors and
lines in paintings using alternative mediums, Natural Mangosteen Peel on
Canvas, is the value
of the signs
and symbols in the physical work of painting produced in a
spontaneous creation process without waiting a long time. The natural technique
of splitting and squeezing the mangosteen skin has been passed down from
generation to generation and is generally used by most people who like to eat
mangosteen fruit. However, the technique of scratching squeezed mangosteen skin
onto canvas is a natural technique as a new discovery in painting
simultaneously and spontaneously. Maybe some people have not been able to
accept it as a new discovery in painting techniques, but some people believe
that the technique painting
spontaneously and naturally is a new discovery due to research and a gradual
professionalism creation process. The resulting works of painting have characteristics and characters that can be
seen and observed physically, they have color expressions and rhythmic lines in
the form of
symbols which are
also believed to be signs. The aesthetic value referred to in colors and
lines is visual aesthetic value Natural Color Mangosteen Skin
on Canvas Fabric. Color and line characters are an expression of the writer's
soul in the process of creating art.
��������� The essence and existence of the creation of works of painting using the
alternative medium of Natural Mangosteen Peel on Canvas are new steps in the
process of creating works of art. Because the stages carried out are in
accordance with the concept of art creation. The emergence of ideas and
notions, methods and techniques for creating images and the meaning contained
therein. The implied meaning is very dependent on the narratives
and descriptions
of the work produced, the emergence of forms of color expression and
spontaneous lines that can produce symbols and depth of meaning. The meaning
and value of visual aesthetics
is the shape and form of
a work of art that has a specific character, classic, unique, interesting and
harmonious. Analysis of the work was carried out carefully in order to obtain the
visual meaning of the creation of painting using the natural color
medium of Mangosteen Skin on Canvas. The results
and process of creating this
painting art contain deep
aesthetic value and are interesting to be used
as a source of ideas for art
creation for every generation across the ages as a source of art study and
art creation that is beneficial
to the wider
community.
RESEARCH METHODS
��������� research method used in the process
of creating the art of
painting Natural Color Mangosteen Skin on Canvas Fabric is to use
a method of collecting visual data in the form of documents
related to the process of existence of
creating works of art .
Documentation of the
medium, materials and tools used in the process of creating works of fine
art spontaneously
are steps, stages of an original process so that the stages of the process are
a track record that must be immortalized according to research needs. Then the
interview stage with chemistry experts was also carried out to obtain a study
of the colors produced by nature. A field survey was carried out to obtain
mangosteen fruit medium as a basic color material for painting on canvas.
��������� Medium is a means used to
support the formation of a work of art. In fine art, this medium is called a
visual element or basic form. Meanwhile, the form of fine art is an arrangement
or configuration of visual elements. Visual elements that are similar to nature
are called figurative. Materials are the basic ingredients for making media
such as: (dyes), sand, stone, wood, fruit, paper, metal, cement and so on (G�rses et al., 2016).
��������� Based on the review
above, a basic framework can be
prepared for assessing works of painting that
use the medium Natural Color Mangosteen Skin
on Canvas Fabric. The effect of the natural medium color of mangosteen peel the
data is carefully, identified in order to obtain
elements of lines, symbols, motifs, characteristics and characters, colors
and aesthetic values. The aesthetics of color and line are shapes or forms
that are implemented as visual language in the process of
creating works of art. Scheme of the process
of creating works of art
as a flow to make it easier
to evaluate the works of art created.
��������� Process, art creation
with the theme of visual aesthetics, the author uses E5 theory which is related to
Art Creation Methods, 1. Existence, 2. Exploration, 3. Experimentation. 4. Execution, 5. Evaluation. In Apart from that, the
author uses an approach method
with research methods, namely: 1. Data collection method about the
medium, 2. Interview method with scientists
and artists, 3. Documentation method collecting documents related to the concept
of art
creation . From the
overall results of data collection in the form of
interviews and the arrangement of documents in the form of
media, materials
and tools used, the author analyzed back in order to get the right analysis
results related to the art creation research concept
that uses alternative
medium Natural Color Mangosteen Skin on Canvas Fabric. Evaluations of aesthetic values are prepared,
analyzed and concluded carefully in order to obtain good
and correct validity of aesthetic
values according to the
facts in the physical
work of art
used as research
sources.
RESULTS
AND DISCUSSION
1.
Analysis of Mangosteen Peel Medium Painting
The theory of
relativity, what happens and what is observed, brilliant people tend to
emphasize that 'Everything is relative'. Perhaps this term is not very
profitable, it is certain that this word has led philosophers and lay people to
confusion. They imagined that the new theory proved that everything in the physical world is relative, whereas, on the
contrary, the theory was entirely concerned with trying to separate the
relative side and arrive at statements about physical laws that would not
depend at all on the conditions of the observer (Schultz
et al., 2021).
In accordance with
the statement above, a common thread can be drawn regarding the aesthetic
assessment of colors and lines in works of art painted using the alternative
medium of Natural Skin Color Mangosteen
on Canvas contains physical elements of the work, because works of art are
physical objects that have value and meaning, the physical value of the work is
very relative in nature. Therefore, observing works of painting must also
master the knowledge of art aesthetics and art philosophy. The aesthetics of
art is more closely related to the beauty of the work of art itself, the
elements of art are always connected and exist within the physical work of art.
Meanwhile, the philosophy of art is always oriented towards the objects and
subjects of art, where the subject of art always refers to the ideas, notions
and concepts of art creation. The development of painting using the alternative medium of natural
color of mangosteen skin on canvas shows an exciting dynamic, this is
due to the
existence of various new possibilities in
the process of art creation. These new possibilities are the existence of new alternative
mediums that have never been used in the art creation process.
The manifestation
of painting in its dynamics always leads to the development of art that cannot
be separated from the needs of humanity in the world. The creation of art is
very controversial, overturning all forms of established art, values, styles , galleries, art markets, etc. At first it was
difficult to understand because it used a diversity of art media or materials
as a result of the complexity of the artists' ideas. Some artists are not
interested in rejecting traditional icons, namely the style ,
values and aura of art. Apart from that, an unreasonable market system, limited
gallery space and the dominance of art curators are increasingly narrowing the
space for art and artists to move. Increasingly sharpening the reactions of
artists to create new art (Alfarisi,
2023).
Analysis of the creation of painting art using an
alternative medium, namely the Natural Color of Mangosteen Peel on Canvas, is a
new alternative step in connection with unlimited creative rebellion, finally
the process of creating art can continue along the course of the history of the
development of art. The alternative medium for Natural Mangosteen Peel Color as
a painting material is not a new medium, however Natural Mangosteen Peel Color
has often been used as a coloring material for batik cloth and mangosteen peel
extract is also used as an ingredient in medicines for medical purposes, namely
maintaining the stability of human health in the world. In connection with the
analysis of the process of creating painting art using a new alternative
medium, namely the natural color of mangosteen peel, it can be used as a medium
or material in the process of creating art.
Figure 1.
Painter: I Nengah Wirakesuma
.
Title: Color
and Line Expression 1 , Material: Mangosteen Skin ,
Size: 60
cm x 90 cm, Year: 202 3
.
(Source: GGBharawadja Documentation )
Physical analysis
of the painting entitled Expression of Color and Line 1, is the embodiment of a
creative work of art that is done on canvas using the natural color medium of
mangosteen peel on canvas measuring 60 cm x 90 cm, the material used is natural
color mangosteen peel, created in 2023. The physical work was created on canvas
that had been stretched on spanram with a thickness
of 5 cm. Before painting the canvas was coated with white paint with the brand Meri'es Acrylic Color, A-4500, 104, Titanium White with the
aim that the fibers and pores of the canvas fabric are tightly closed and the
surface of the canvas fabric becomes smoother. After the pores of the canvas
are tightly closed, the painting process is carried out using an alternative
medium, namely the Natural Color of Mangosteen Skin. Implementation of art
creation methods is carried out spontaneously in connection with the
visualization of ideas, thoughts and concepts for art creation. Experiments are
carried out routinely. Exploration of materials is a very important part in
executing the physical formation of works of art. Evaluation is the final stage
of the process of physical manifestation of a work of art. It is hoped that the
physical work of art produced meets the criteria as a new work of art that has
aesthetic values in its embodiment.
Figure 2. Painter: I Nengah
Wirakesuma .
Title: Color
and Line Expression 2 , Material: Mangosteen Skin ,
Size: 60
cm x 90 cm, Year: 202 3
.
(Source: GGBharawadja Documentation )
2.
Aesthetic Analysis of Mangosteen Skin Colors and
Lines
Aesthetic analysis
of the colors and lines of mangosteen peel, the work of painting entitled Color
and Line Expression 2, is the embodiment of a creative work of art executed on
canvas measuring 60 cm x 90 cm, the material used is the natural color of mangosteen
peel, created in in 2023. Colors and lines are created on canvas that has been
stretched on spanram with a thickness of 5 cm. Before
painting the canvas is coated with white paint from the Meri'es
Acrylic Color brand, A-4500, 104, Titanium White with the aim of making the
fiber -The fibers and pores of the canvas are tightly closed and the surface of
the canvas becomes smoother. The process of creating painting art using the
alternative medium Natural Color Mangosteen Skin is carried out using the creation
method, the technique of splitting the mangosteen skin into two parts, then
squeezing the mangosteen skin and kneading it with your fingers to produce a
red-purple and blue color, then at the polishing stage, squeeze the skin. The
mangosteen on canvas is pressed gently, moderately and slightly hard with your
fingers so that the natural color of the mangosteen skin has varying shades and
lines and has an artistic, classic, unique effect and attracts the attention of
other people who see it.
CONCLUSION
The process of creating
painting art was declared complete
and continued with observations of works that
used alternative media, namely the natural color of mangosteen
peel on canvas.
The results show that the use
of this medium is a new step in creating works of painting, with
a limitless creative approach. The resulting work has a classic, unique and attractive
aesthetic, as well as a variety of colors
and lines resulting from the methods of
Existence, Exploration, Experimentation, Execution and Evaluation. The dominant colors are reddish-yellow, brown, dark brown, purplish-red,
and blue, with specific characteristics
and pseudo-textures in the strokes that
cover the pores of the
canvas. The author concludes that the natural color of mangosteen peel
has the same quality as factory color and is
difficult to remove from the
canvas. It is hoped that
this research can inspire the
younger generation to continue to
explore their identity and find
new alternative mediums for the
survival of artists. It is
important to utilize natural potential in a sustainable manner, dialogue with nature,
care for and preserve it,
and cultivate self-awareness in loving nature as a source of life. Preserving
nature by not deforesting forests and not destroying green belts for
personal gain is a noble act to create
a peaceful world for future generations.
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