IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INDEPENDENT LEARNING CURRICULUM IN CIREBON DISTRICT

Freedom to learn is an idea launched by the minister of education and culture, to produce superior human resources by prioritizing character education. This study aims to determine the implementation of independent learning policies in education in Indonesia. This study uses a literature review research method, while data collection techniques are carried out by exploring journals and other information relevant to the study. The results showed that the independent learning program launched by the Minister of Education and Culture Nadiem Makarim was to improve the education system in Indonesia. The independent learning program is relevant to the goal of national education, namely to form a young generation who is not only intellectually intelligent but also has good character traits such as responsibility, discipline, honesty, has the ability to think critically and analytically and become independent humans so that they are able to express their opinions without feeling scared and depressed. Based on the explanation that has been given to the implementation of the Free Learning Policy promoted by the Minister of Education of Indonesia Nadiem Makarim in Cirebon Regency, it is hoped that it can increase the education ranking of Cirebon which previously occupied the 25th position in West Java, to be able to rise to the top.


INTRODUCTION
Education is a medium to achieve prosperity for all mankind. Quality education also reflects an advanced and modern society. Education is the engine of culture. Habits from every era become changes in line with changes obtained from the educational process itself (Hasnawati, 2021). The implementation of education takes place in the family as informal education, in schools as formal education and in the community as non-formal education and lasts a lifetime. Moreover, training programs provided by social community organizations such as libraries, music schools, foreign language schools, community centers, or other centers that provide training courses for various abilities -musical, etc.
-are examples of non-formal learning (Tudor, 2013). The implementation of education, apart from being carried out by the community itself, is also carried out by the government, or at least getting assistance from the government. Education that gets assistance from the government in the end occurs a process of mutual influence. From one side the government situation is influenced by the style of education graduates, and on the other hand the government also affects the world of education (Muzammil, 2016).
The development of skilled human resources is not just giving birth to individuals who can get jobs and can build renewable workplaces. Moreover, Many human resource (HR) managers are transitioning from a traditional human capital management framework centered on knowledge, skills, and experience to increased knowledge management backed by long-term relationship systems in the near term (Cachón-Rodríguez et al., 2022). Superior human resources are human resources who not only have advantages in terms of intellectuality, but also in personality, and can become individuals who often carry out work in line with their conscience (Sapt, 2019). Character education can reach a wider scope such as cultural teachings, as well as national defense. According to Thomas Lickona, character education is one of the best methods to ensure that students have a good personality and personality in life. This character education can provide assistance to improve student academic performance. Based on Thomas Lickona's opinion, there are at least seven reasons why character education must be given to the nation's population from an early age, including (Utama, 2019): 1) Some children are not able to build a strong personality for themselves in other locations 2) Can carry out the formation of humans who give respect and respect for other individuals and can live in diverse audiences. 3) Be an attempt to resolve the root cause of moral-social problems, such as dishonesty, disrespect, violence, bad work power, and others. 4) Is the best method for shaping individual behavior before entering the world of work. 5) Is a method for teaching cultural teachings that are part of the work of a civilization Among the regions in Indonesia that are currently implementing the Free Learning Policy is Cirebon Regency. Reporting from the Suaracirebon.com website (Succirebon: 2021), Cirebon Regency DPRD Member H Junaedi feels very concerned about the state of education in Cirebon Regency. Because according to the education index in West Java, Cirebon Regency occupies the 25th position out of 27. So that the Cirebon regency government continues to strive to improve the quality of its education so that it can occupy a higher position compared to other regencies or cities in West Java.
Based on these data, it will raise a big question whether the implementation of independent learning organized by the Minister of Education Nadiem Makarim can bring changes to the education of Cirebon Regency. Because at this time the Regency can be said to occupy a very low position among cities or regencies in West Java.
The most ideal character education is given by setting an example through related parties who deal directly with the world of education (Teguh, 2017). Related parties can be such as parents, teachers, lecturers, or it can also be staff in educational institutions. Parents are actually the first character education that students get through their family environment. Through examples that are clearly desired, students can imitate good personalities (Bakroni, 2017). Moreover, students are also expected to be able to use a good personality not only in the school environment but also in other social environments. Thus, that character education can form young individuals who are smart and have good behavior. This is in line with the statement of the philosopher and education expert, Professor Driyarkara  who explained that education is an individual effort to consciously humanize young individuals.
Being a learning agent, the teacher carries out his duties by carrying out planning, carrying out, evaluating and following up on the acquisition of the learning process (Laras, 2020). Teachers as agents often carry out updating of information, teachings and skills aligned with student dynamics. The scientific approach contained in the 2013 curriculum for teachers is prosecuted for having the ability to give birth to a generation that is productive, creative, innovative and adaptive (Agung, 2019). Industry 4.0 brought a lot of changes to the activities of individual living arrangements. The good result of Industry 4.0 is on the effectiveness and efficiency of human resources and financing. Through the existence of industry 4.0 the era of digitalization began. Jobs that have experienced a reduction are due to being replaced through digital systems. The competitiveness of employees in the industrial era 4.0 is very strong (Pur, 2020). The industrial era 4.0 requires employees who have skills in digital literacy, technology, and individuals. It is undeniable that Industry 4.0 also has a high influence on the realm of education in Indonesia. Requires a good learning process in order to give birth to the younger generation as required by industry 4.0. The implication of the learning process in the 4.0 revolution era is that every individual with education is required to function well in the individual environment. The actions and skills developed in the industrial era 4.0 include Humanity, Communication, and Design. The development of the cognitive capacity of professional teachers is also very much needed. The teacher's cognitive capacity includes Higher Order Mental Skills, critical thinking and systematic. This is very crucial in order to survive in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 (Ahmad, 2018).
In order to establish good human resources, it is inseparable from the role of the education system in Indonesia. Various breakthroughs have been carried out through the Indonesian government. Starting from curriculum changes to improving the quality of teachers to become educators (Klikkalsel: 2020). The curriculum that runs at various schools in Indonesia starting from the elementary, junior high to high school levels is curriculum 13 or what is known as K13. The curriculum already covers character education. The latest promotion in the world of education in Indonesia began with the speech of the Minister of Education and Culture Nadiem Makarim during the commemoration of National Teacher's Day 2019. He explained the renewable breakthrough in the learning process which was recognized through the Freedom of Learning Policy. Merdeka Learning Nadiem's proposal has the understanding that independent teachers have the definition of an educational unit or school, teachers and students have the freedom to innovate, learn independently, and be creative (Kompasiana, 2019).

METHOD
This study uses a literature review research method. Literature research is the analysis of various conceptual information and qualitative or quantitative data collection through various previously published scientific articles (Snyder, 2019). The method used in this study is a literature study which has the function of being a prosecution in the study of an assessment problem (review of research) (Mulyadi, 2012). In this literature review, books, journals, and websites have been summarized and analyzed. The location in this study is focused on the Cirebon Regency area, because currently Cirebon is ranked 25th out of 27 cities/regencies in West Java, which makes it an interesting reason to conduct research.

A. Reasons To Choose Independent Learning
Freedom to learn is not just a jargon. Its implementation in the class can be carried out in class paths and folder paths. Freedom of learning is a design that leans in three respects, namely: Responsibility in learning objectives in line with needs, interests and aspirations. Independence to carry out meaningful learning with various methods and patterns and reflections.
In order to establish superior human resources, the Indonesian state is obliged to make improvements to the education system. During the Coordination Meeting with the Provincial and Regency/ City Education Offices in Jakarta on December 11 2019, Nadiem explained that there were four implementations of the national learning process. The four implementations became the national education policy of "Freedom of Learning". These implementations are:

USBN changed to a test
Based on Nadiem, the current state of USBN provides limitations on the implementation of the motivation for the National Education System Law which gives schools the authority to determine graduation. For the direction of its renewable policy, in 2020 USBN was then replaced through examinations which were only administered through schools. Then, the test is carried out in order to provide a student competency score. The exam is in the form of a written test and or other forms of providing relatively comprehensive scores. Such as portfolios and assignment assignments, so that teachers and schools feel more independent in assessing student learning outcomes. Moreover, it is hoped that the USBN budget will be shifted in order to develop the capacity of teachers and schools to improve the quality of learning.

2021 UN is replaced
The Minister Nadiem reviewing the current state of UN lessons so that students and teachers tend to test mastery of the material, not reasoning competence. Then, the National Examination is felt to be the responsibility of students, teachers and parents because it is a measure of the success of students becoming human. Due to the 2020 period, the UN was then run last. As his successor, in 2021, the UN will be changed as AKM and SK. The proposal for Independent Learning by Minister of Education and Culture Makarim The assessment was not carried out according to subject matter or mastery of curriculum lessons as has been implemented in the National Examination so far, but carried out mapping on two minimal competencies of students, namely literacy and numeracy. The assessment is carried out on students in the middle of the school level. The renewable policy directives are also proposed for implementation at the international level, such as PISA and TIMSS.

RPP shortened.
During the RPP, the teacher was briefed to accompany the form of the RPP rigidly. But then the teacher has the freedom to choose, make, use and develop the form of lesson plans. In the past, there were so many elements in the RPP and teachers were asked to write in detail. But then the abbreviation was made, namely the RPP containing the purpose of the learning process, learning activities and assessments. RPP is only 1 page. Until the writing of the lesson plans is carried out efficiently and effectively which makes the teacher have time to prepare and evaluate the learning stages.

PPDB zoning is more flexible
For the most recent "Independence Learning" program, Nadiem explained that the Ministry of Education and Culture continues to use the zoning system for PPDB. Among policies, PPDB is relatively flexible to accommodate unequal access and quality in various regions. Based on Nadiem's opinion, the PPDB component of the zoning route can accept a minimum of 50 percent of students, a minimum of 15 percent of affirmations, and a maximum of 5 percent of transfers. For cross-performance or the remaining 0-30 percent, others are aligned with regional conditions. "The region has the authority to determine the final proportions and decide the zoning area," said Nadiem (Adit, 2020).
Freedom to learn can be called autonomy in the realm of education. The policy of educational autonomy began in this era. Giving the independence of the education unit, giving the independence of teachers, students can provide a stimulus for the emergence of renewable innovations. Students can learn independently and creatively so that all Indonesian students who are diverse from ethnicity and culture can have a variety of different learning methods. Explained by Dr. Yuli Bangun Nursanti, M.Pd, Head of the Education and Culture Office of Wonigiri Regency. The target for Free Learning is in the stages of the learning process. Now at the learning stage, we still meet many students who can't give thoughts by analyzing. In Merdeka learning, it is hoped that the development of critical and analytical thinking methods can be carried out.
The National Examination was then replaced through an exam that was carried out in a relatively simplified design, not a lot of memorization and questions with an analytical nature that became the implementation of HOTS. Here what is prioritized is the ability to have critical, logical, reflective, and meta-cognitive thoughts. In the HOTS learning process, students are given the opportunity to analyze a question and evaluate it. Through it, students can also do creation. The UN was then replaced through the theory of AKM and SK. Use the AKM theory, the materials include Literacy and Numeration. Literacy is related to the use of language and numeracy is related to mathematics. This renewable policy direction also leads to implementation including at the international level such as PSIA and TIMSS. The decline in Indonesia's ranking in PISA 2019, which is at number 72 out of 77 nations in terms of literacy, mathematics, and science or science released by the OECD, should be a time to revamp the direction of political education policy and the implementation of education that is currently taking place.

B. Implementation of Independent Learning In Cirebon District
The implementation of independent learning requires stages and time, requires alertness, requires agreement, and solidarity. Because this policy is something that is renewable, students and teachers are both obliged to prepare themselves and provide motivation together. Through this paradigm change, in order to advance education, all teachers are required to master IT. It is hoped that the previous generation of teachers can adapt and be able to coexist with the current generation of teachers. For better education, now is the time for the public to take part in overseeing the implementation of the "Freedom of Learning" policy. Indeed, it is not easy, the impact of Indonesia's education system which has been "coated", especially the culture of teachers in teaching. UN is not abolished. However, changes have been made to AKM and SK which are based on literacy, numeracy and student character education (Yunus, 2019).
The independent learning program which became educational reform then obtained gains that gave joy when carried out in real terms. The government is obliged to eliminate policies that are not in line with the burden of teachers. Carry out the preparation of renewable policies carried out by regulations and implementation in education. If this matter is carried out further action, it is not impossible that the free learning program can be achieved which then makes teachers and students truly independent in learning so as to produce a good young generation.
Among the independent learning programs proposed by Nadiem Makarim that have been implemented and implemented, the PPDB zoning system is more flexible. Indeed, it should be mandatory to acknowledge the existence of a zoning system that is running so that prospective students who have achievements cannot get the opportunity to choose the desired school because they have a long distance between the school and their home. However, through the flexibility in the zoning system, the local government can create renewable regulations related to the zoning system. Renewable regulations are various paths that students can take to register themselves at the school they want. The paths include pure zoning, achievement, affirmations and mutations.
Based on the explanation that has been submitted on the implementation of the Free Learning Policy promoted by the Indonesian Minister of Education Nadiem Makarim in Cirebon Regency, it is hoped that it can increase the education rank of Cirebon which previously occupied the 25th position in West Java, to be able to rise to the top.

CONCLUSION
Independent learning in the industrial era 4.0 is learning that is carried out based on IT. The role of the teacher is to prepare so that students exist to face the 4.0 revolution era. With the existence of IT, students can be free to find sources of information from anywhere. However, the role of the teacher will never be replaced. The role of teachers who cannot be replaced by IT is the task of educating in instilling norms, ethics, and compassion.
The independent learning program launched by the Minister of Education and Culture Nadiem Makarim is to improve the education system in Indonesia. The independent learning program is relevant to the goal of national education, namely to form a young generation who is not only intellectually intelligent but also has good character traits such as responsibility, discipline, honesty, has the ability to think critically and analytically and become independent humans so that they are able to express their opinions without feeling scared and depressed.
It turns out that the abolition of the UN does not need to wait until 2021. In 2020, the UN is abolished due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The learning process has also changed from face-to-face to an online system. This is where it is clear that IT can also change the education system in Cirebon Regency. Many problems are faced in learning by using this online system. One of them is internet network access. Many areas cannot access the internet network. Therefore, a policy policy is needed to unravel these problems. At this time the government has allowed face-to-face learning in certain areas by taking into account various health protocols.